THE DIRECT METHOD

THE DIRECT METHOD
The direct method is not new. Its principles have been applied by language teachers for many yeras.Most recently, it was reveived as a method when the goal of instruction became learning how to use a foreign language to communicate. Since the grammar translation method was not very effective in preparating students to use the target language communicatively,it cause the direct method became popular.
In direct method has one very basic rule:No translation is allowed.
The principles of the direct method that are:
a. Reading in target language should be taught from the begining of language instruction; however the reading skill will be develop through practice with speaking. Language is primarily speech. Culture consist of more than the fine arts (e.g. the students study geography and cultural attitudes).
b. Objects (e.g realia or pictures) present in the immediate classroom environment should be used to help students understand the meaning.
c. The native language should not be used in the classrom.
d. The teacher should demonstrate, not explain or translate. It is direct association between the target language and meaning.
e. Student should learn to think in target language as soon as possible. Vocabulary is acquired more naturally if students use it in full sentences, rather than memorizing word lists.
f. The purpose of language learning is communication (therefore students need to learn how to ask questions as well as answer them).
g. Pronunciation should be worked on right from the beginning of language instruction.
h. Self-correction facilitates language learning.
i. Lesson should contain some conversational activity-some opportunity for students to use language in real contexts. Students should be encouraged to speak as much as possible.
j. Grammar should be taught inductively. There may never be an explicit grammar rule given.
k. Writting is an important skill, to be developed from the begining of language instruction.
l. The syllabus is based on situations or topics, not usually on linguistic structure.
m. Learning another language also involves learning how speakers of thet language.